The auditory system at the cocktail party
The Auditory System at the Cocktail Party is a rather whimsical title that points to the very serious challenge faced by listeners in most everyday environments: how to hear out sounds of interest amid a cacophony of competing sounds. The volume presents the mechanisms for bottom-up object formation...
| Main Author: | Association for Research in Otolaryngology (U.S.). Midwinter Research Meeting 2013 : Baltimore, Md.), |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | Association for Research in Otolaryngology (U.S.). Midwinter Research Meeting, Middlebrooks, John C. 1954-, Simon, Jonathan Z. 1963-, Popper, Arthur N.,, Fay, Richard R.,, Acoustical Society of America, |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
[Melville, New York] : Cham, Switzerland :
ASA Press ; Springer,
[2017]
|
| Physical Description: |
1 online resource (xiv, 291 pages : illustrations. |
| Edition: | 1st edition. |
| Series: |
Springer handbook of auditory research ;
v. 60. |
| Subjects: |
| Summary: |
The Auditory System at the Cocktail Party is a rather whimsical title that points to the very serious challenge faced by listeners in most everyday environments: how to hear out sounds of interest amid a cacophony of competing sounds. The volume presents the mechanisms for bottom-up object formation and top-down object selection that the auditory system employs to meet that challenge. Ear and Brain Mechanisms for Parsing the Auditory Scene by John C. Middlebrooks and Jonathan Z. Simon Auditory Object Formation and Selection by Barbara Shinn-Cunningham, Virginia Best, and Adrian K.C. Lee Energetic Masking and Masking Release by John F. Culling and Michael A. Stone Informational Masking in Speech Recognition by Gerald Kidd, Jr. and H. Steven Colburn Modeling the Cocktail Party Problem by Mounya Elhilali Spatial Stream Segregation by John C. Middlebrooks Human Auditory Neuroscience and the Cocktail Party Problem by Jonathan Z. Simon Infants and Children at the Cocktail Party by Lynne Werner Older Adults at the Cocktail Party by M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller, Claude Alain, and Bruce A. Schneider Hearing with Cochlear Implants and Hearing Aids in Complex Auditory Scenes by Ruth Y. Litovsky, Matthew J. Goupell, Sara M. Misurelli, and Alan Kan About the Editors: John C. Middlebrooks is a Professor in the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of California, Irvine, with affiliate appointments in the Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, the Department of Cognitive Sciences, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering. Jonathan Z. Simon is a Professor at the University of Maryland, College Park, with joint appointments in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Biology, and the Institute for Systems Research. Arthur N. Popper is Professor Emeritus and Research Professor in the Department of Biology at the University of Maryland, College Park. Richard R. Fay is Distinguished Research Professor of Psychology at Loyola University, Chicago. About the Series: The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of synthetic reviews of fundamental topics dealing with auditory systems. Each volume is independent and authoritative; taken as a set, this series is the definitive resource in the field. |
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| Item Description: |
Includes bibliographical references. The Acoustical Society of America; Series Preface; Preface 1992; Volume Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 Ear and Brain Mechanisms for Parsing the Auditory Scene; Abstract; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Some Central Concepts; 1.3 Overview of the Volume; 1.4 Ears and Brains; References; 2 Auditory Object Formation and Selection; Abstract; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 The Cocktail Party: Confusing Mixtures and Limited Processing Capacity; 2.1.2 Object-Based Attention; 2.1.3 Heterarchical Rather Than Hierarchical Processing; 2.1.4 A Historical Note; 2.2 Parsing the Acoustic Scene: Auditory Object Formation. 2.2.1 Local Spectrotemporal Cues Support "Syllable-Level" Object Formation2.2.2 Higher-Order Features Link Syllables into "Streams"; 2.2.3 Open Questions; 2.3 Focusing Attention: Selecting What to Process; 2.3.1 Top-Down Control Guides Selection; 2.3.2 Bottom-up Salience Influences Attention; 2.3.3 Extracting Meaning from Imperfect Objects; 2.4 Perceptual Consequences of Object-Based Auditory Selective Attention; 2.4.1 Failure to Divide Attention; 2.4.2 Obligatory Interactions Between Formation and Selection; 2.4.3 Costs of Switching Attention. 2.5 Neural Mechanisms Supporting Object Formation2.6 Neural Mechanisms Supporting Object Selection; 2.6.1 Visual Cognitive Networks Controlling Attention; 2.6.2 Auditory Spatial Attention Engages Visual Orienting and Reorienting Networks; 2.6.3 Nonspatial Auditory Attention Differentially Engages Auditory-Specific Networks; 2.6.4 Both Sensory Modality and Task Demands Affect Network Activity; 2.6.5 Entrainment of Neural Responses to Attended Speech; 2.6.6 Other Neural Signatures of Focused Auditory Attention; 2.7 Summary Comments; References; 3 Energetic Masking and Masking Release; Abstract. 3.1 Introduction3.2 Segregation by Fundamental Frequency; 3.2.1 The Effect of an F0 Difference; 3.2.2 Selecting Harmonic Components of a Common F0; 3.2.3 Temporal Analysis; 3.2.4 Effects of Peripheral Nonlinearity; 3.2.5 Cancellation Mechanisms; 3.2.6 Level of Processing; 3.2.7 Conclusions; 3.3 Masking and Masking Release by Envelope Fluctuations; 3.3.1 Listening in the Dips; 3.3.2 Effects of Peripheral Nonlinearity; 3.3.3 Modulation Masking; 3.3.4 Intrinsic Modulation in Noises; 3.3.5 Models Based on Modulation Filter Banks; 3.3.6 Dip Listening in the Hearing Impaired; 3.3.7 Conclusions. 3.4 Spatial Release from Masking3.4.1 Better-Ear Listening; 3.4.2 Binaural Unmasking; 3.4.3 The Problem of "Sluggishness"; 3.4.4 Models of SRM; 3.4.5 Conclusions; 3.5 Other Mechanisms; 3.5.1 Effect of Frequency Modulation on Prominence; 3.5.2 Onset-Time Differences and the Potential Role of Adaptation; 3.6 Summary; References; 4 Informational Masking in Speech Recognition; Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The History of Study of the Special Case of SOS Masking; 4.3 Determining Energetic and Informational Masking in SOS Masking; 4.3.1 Uncertainty; 4.3.2 Controlling/Estimating Energetic Masking. The Auditory System at the Cocktail Party is a rather whimsical title that points to the very serious challenge faced by listeners in most everyday environments: how to hear out sounds of interest amid a cacophony of competing sounds. The volume presents the mechanisms for bottom-up object formation and top-down object selection that the auditory system employs to meet that challenge. Ear and Brain Mechanisms for Parsing the Auditory Scene by John C. Middlebrooks and Jonathan Z. Simon Auditory Object Formation and Selection by Barbara Shinn-Cunningham, Virginia Best, and Adrian K.C. Lee Energetic Masking and Masking Release by John F. Culling and Michael A. Stone Informational Masking in Speech Recognition by Gerald Kidd, Jr. and H. Steven Colburn Modeling the Cocktail Party Problem by Mounya Elhilali Spatial Stream Segregation by John C. Middlebrooks Human Auditory Neuroscience and the Cocktail Party Problem by Jonathan Z. Simon Infants and Children at the Cocktail Party by Lynne Werner Older Adults at the Cocktail Party by M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller, Claude Alain, and Bruce A. Schneider Hearing with Cochlear Implants and Hearing Aids in Complex Auditory Scenes by Ruth Y. Litovsky, Matthew J. Goupell, Sara M. Misurelli, and Alan Kan About the Editors: John C. Middlebrooks is a Professor in the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of California, Irvine, with affiliate appointments in the Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, the Department of Cognitive Sciences, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering. Jonathan Z. Simon is a Professor at the University of Maryland, College Park, with joint appointments in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Biology, and the Institute for Systems Research. Arthur N. Popper is Professor Emeritus and Research Professor in the Department of Biology at the University of Maryland, College Park. Richard R. Fay is Distinguished Research Professor of Psychology at Loyola University, Chicago. About the Series: The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of synthetic reviews of fundamental topics dealing with auditory systems. Each volume is independent and authoritative; taken as a set, this series is the definitive resource in the field. |
| Physical Description: |
1 online resource (xiv, 291 pages : illustrations. |
| Bibliography: |
Includes bibliographical references. |
| ISBN: |
9783319516608 3319516604 9783319516622 3319516620 |
| ISSN: |
0947-2657 ; |