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07405cam a2200937 i 4500 |
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962750556 |
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OCoLC |
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20240223121953.0 |
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|a com.springer.onix.9783319468709
|b Springer Nature
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|a 621.042
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|a Materazzi, Massimiliano,
|e author.
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|a Clean energy from waste :
|b fundamental investigations on ashes and tar behaviours in a two stage fluid bed-plasma process for waste gasification /
|c Massimiliano Materazzi.
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|a Cham, Switzerland :
|b Springer,
|c [2016]
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|c ©2017.
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|a 1 online resource (xxviii, 231 pages) :
|b illustrations (some color).
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|a text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent.
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|a computer
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|2 rdamedia.
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|a online resource
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|a Springer theses.
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|a "Doctoral thesis accepted by University College London, UK."
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|a Supervisor's Foreword; Abstract; Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles:Massimiliano Materazzi, Paola Lettieri, Luca Mazzei, Richard Taylor, Chris Chapman, Tar evolution in a two stage fluid bed-plasma gasification process for waste valorization, Fuel Processing Technology, Volume 128, December 2014, Pages 146-157Massimiliano Materazzi, Paola Lettieri, Luca Mazzei, Richard Taylor, Chris Chapman, Reforming of tars and organic sulphur compounds in a plasma-assisted process for waste gasificatio; Acknowledgements; Contents; Nomenclature; List of Figures.
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|a List of Tables1 Introduction; 1.1 World Energy Outlook; 1.2 The Waste Debate; 1.3 Waste as a Resource of Energy; 1.4 Basics of Thermochemical Waste-to-Energy Technologies; 1.4.1 Pyrolysis; 1.4.2 Gasification; 1.4.3 Plasma Arc Gasification; 1.4.4 Hydrothermal Liquefaction; 1.5 Current Obstacles to WtE Plants Deployment; 1.6 Aims of the Thesis; 1.7 Methodology; 1.7.1 Operation of Fluidised Bed Reactors on Waste Fuels; 1.7.2 Plasma for Treatment of Ashes and Gases; 1.7.3 Performance Analysis of Two-Stage Versus Single Stage Processes.
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|a 1.7.4 Reforming Mechanisms of Tars and Organic Sulphur Compounds in Plasma Environment1.7.5 Partitioning and Chemistry of Inorganic Components in the Solid Phase; 1.8 Thesis Outline; References; 2 Gasification of Waste Derived Fuels in Fluidized Beds: Fundamental Aspects and Industrial Challenges; 2.1 Fuel Characterization; 2.1.1 Fuel Preparation; 2.1.2 Component Materials; 2.1.3 Organic Content; 2.1.4 Ash Content and Composition; 2.1.5 Moisture Content; 2.1.6 Element Content; 2.1.6.1 Ultimate Analysis; 2.1.6.2 Proximate Analysis; 2.1.7 The Energy Value of RDF.
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|a 2.1.8 Preliminary Considerations Based on Fuel Characterization2.2 Fluidized Bed Gasification: Process Overview; 2.2.1 Material in-Feeding; 2.2.2 Heating and Drying; 2.2.3 Devolatilization and Volatile Conversion; 2.2.4 Fixed Carbon Conversion; 2.2.5 Particle Attrition and Elutriation; 2.2.6 Comparison Between Conventional and Waste Fuels; 2.3 Ash Behaviour and Agglomeration Issues; 2.3.1 Mechanism; 2.3.2 Effect of Temperature and Segregation Profiles; 2.3.3 Effect of RDF Ash Composition; 2.3.4 Entrainment, Slagging and Fouling; 2.3.5 Use and Disposal of Solid Residues.
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|a 2.4 Tar Formation and Reduction Measures2.4.1 Tar Definition and Formation; 2.4.2 Effect of Temperature; 2.4.3 Effect of Equivalent Ratio and Steam; 2.4.4 Effects of Residence Time; 2.4.5 Effect of Active Materials; 2.4.6 Physical Tar Reduction Measures; 2.4.6.1 Wet ESP's for Tar Removal; 2.4.6.2 Wet Scrubbers; 2.4.6.3 Use and Disposal of Collected Tars; 2.4.7 Thermal and Plasma Cracking; 2.5 Remarks and Conclusions; References; 3 Plasma as an Alternative Way to Gas Reforming and Ash Disposal; 3.1 Plasma Principles; 3.2 Plasma in Hydrocarbon Processing Applications; 3.2.1 Non-thermal Plasmas.
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|a Includes bibliographical references.
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|a Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed November 29, 2016).
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|a This book explores the use of recent advanced multiple stage conversion technologies. These applications combine conventional fluidised bed systems with new plasma technologies to efficiently generate different energy outputs from waste materials with minimum cleaning effort. Using a mix of modelling and experimental approaches, the author provides fundamental insights into how the key operating variables of the two-stage process may impact the final quality of syngas. This thesis serves as a useful reference guide on the modelling and design of single and multiple-stage systems for thermal waste treatment. Its extended section on plant configuration and operation of waste gasification plants identifies the main technical challenges, and is of use to researchers entering the field.
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|a Waste products as fuel.
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|a Biomass energy.
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|a Déchets (Combustible)
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|a Bioénergie.
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|a Industrial chemistry.
|2 bicssc.
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|a Alternative & renewable energy sources & technology.
|2 bicssc.
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|a Environmental science, engineering & technology.
|2 bicssc.
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|a TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
|x Chemical & Biochemical.
|2 bisacsh.
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|a Biomass energy.
|2 fast.
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|a Waste products as fuel.
|2 fast.
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|a SpringerLink (Online service)
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