Computational glioscience
Over the last two decades, the recognition that astrocytes - the predominant type of cortical glial cells - could sense neighboring neuronal activity and release neuroactive agents, has been instrumental in the uncovering of many roles that these cells could play in brain processing and the storage...
| Other Authors: | Pittá, Maurizio de,, Berry, Hugues,, SpringerLink (Online service) |
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| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cham, Switzerland :
Springer,
[2019]
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| Physical Description: |
1 online resource. |
| Series: |
Springer series in computational neuroscience.
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| Subjects: |
| Summary: |
Over the last two decades, the recognition that astrocytes - the predominant type of cortical glial cells - could sense neighboring neuronal activity and release neuroactive agents, has been instrumental in the uncovering of many roles that these cells could play in brain processing and the storage of information. These findings initiated a conceptual revolution that leads to rethinking how brain communication works since they imply that information travels and is processed not just in the neuronal circuitry but in an expanded neuron-glial network. On the other hand the physiological need for astrocyte signaling in brain information processing and the modes of action of these cells in computational tasks remain largely undefined. This is due, to a large extent, both to the lack of conclusive experimental evidence, and to a substantial lack of a theoretical framework to address modeling and characterization of the many possible astrocyte functions. This book that we propose aims at filling this gap, providing the first systematic computational approach to the complex, wide subject of neuron-glia interactions. The organization of the book is unique insofar as it considers a selection of "hot topics" in glia research that ideally brings together both the novelty of the recent experimental findings in the field and the modelling challenge that they bear. A chapter written by experimentalists, possibly in collaboration with theoreticians, will introduce each topic. The aim of this chapter, that we foresee less technical in its style than in conventional reviews, will be to provide a review as clear as possible, of what is "established" and what remains speculative (i.e. the open questions). Each topic will then be presented in its possible different aspects, by 2-3 chapters by theoreticians. These chapters will be edited in order to provide a "priming" reference for modeling neuron-glia interactions, suitable both for the graduate student and the professional researcher. |
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| Item Description: |
Includes bibliographical references. Intro; Preface; Organization and Approach; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; Introduction; 1 A Neuron-Glial Perspective for Computational Neuroscience; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Glial Codes; 1.3 Oligodendrocytes and Regulation of Axonal Electric Conduction; 1.4 Glia Morphology and Functional Specialization; 1.5 Ion Homeostasis and Volume Regulation; 1.6 Gliotransmission; 1.7 Resource Management; 1.8 Microglia in Neuronal and Astrocytic Signaling; 1.9 Glia in Higher Brain Functions; 1.10 Conclusions; References; Calcium Dynamics. 2 Data-Driven Modelling of the Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor (IP3R) and its Role in Calcium-Induced Calcium Release (CICR)2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Mathematical Models of Calcium Dynamics/CICR; 2.3 Data-Driven Modelling of Single IP3Rs; 2.3.1 Molecular Structure; 2.3.2 Patch-Clamp Recordings; 2.3.3 Calcium Puffs; 2.3.4 Aggregated Continuous-Time Markov Models; 2.3.5 Estimation of Markov Models from Experimental Data; 2.3.6 The Ullah et al. Model; 2.3.7 Siekmann et al. P̀̀ark-Drive'' Model; 2.3.8 Comparison of Type I and Type II IP3R; 2.4 Using Data-Driven IP3R Models in Calcium Dynamics. 2.4.1 Modelling Calcium Puffs Using the Park-Drive IP3R Model2.4.2 The Role of Modal Gating of IP3R in Modulating Calcium Signals; 2.5 Conclusions; 2.6 Future Work; References; 3 Intracellular Calcium Dynamics: Biophysical and Simplified Models; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Single-Compartment Ca2+ Models; 3.2.1 The De Young-Keizer Model; 3.2.2 Reduction of the De Young-Keizer Model; 3.3 Spatiotemporal Ca2+ Models; 3.3.1 Waves in the De Young-Keizer Model; 3.3.2 Waves in the Fire-Diffuse-Fire Type Model; 3.3.3 Stochastic Ca2+ Waves; 3.4 Conclusions; References; 4 Modeling of Stochastic Ca2+ Signals. 4.1 Introduction4.2 Stochastic Simulation of IP3R Gating Dynamics; 4.2.1 Master Equations of the Stochastic Process; 4.2.2 Gillespie Simulation; 4.2.3 Two-State Markovian Method; 4.2.4 Gate-Based Langevin Approach; 4.2.5 Channel-Based Langevin Approach; 4.3 Stochastic Ca2+ Puff Dynamics; 4.3.1 Limitation of Modeling with Homogeneous Ca2+ Concentration Within IP3R Clusters; 4.3.2 Two-Scale Modeling of Ca2+ Concentration Within IP3R Clusters; 4.3.3 Puff Dynamics in a Langevin Model; 4.3.4 Ca2+ Dynamics with Clustered Channels in a 3D Model; 4.3.5 Simulations with Discrete Ca2+ Ions. 4.4 Stochastic Intracellular Ca2+ Signals4.5 Outlook of Intercellular Ca2+ Waves with Stochastic IP3R Dynamics; References; 5 G Protein-Coupled Receptor-Mediated Calcium Signaling in Astrocytes; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Modeling Intracellular IP3 Dynamics; 5.2.1 Agonist-Mediated IP3 Production; 5.2.2 IP3 Production by Receptors with -Subunits Other Than q-Type; 5.2.3 Endogenous IP3 Production; 5.2.4 IP3 Degradation; 5.3 Encoding of Stimulation by Combined IP3 and Ca2+ dynamics; 5.3.1 The G-ChI Model for IP3/Ca2+ Signaling; 5.3.2 Different Regimes of IP3 Signaling; 5.3.3 Signal Integration. Over the last two decades, the recognition that astrocytes - the predominant type of cortical glial cells - could sense neighboring neuronal activity and release neuroactive agents, has been instrumental in the uncovering of many roles that these cells could play in brain processing and the storage of information. These findings initiated a conceptual revolution that leads to rethinking how brain communication works since they imply that information travels and is processed not just in the neuronal circuitry but in an expanded neuron-glial network. On the other hand the physiological need for astrocyte signaling in brain information processing and the modes of action of these cells in computational tasks remain largely undefined. This is due, to a large extent, both to the lack of conclusive experimental evidence, and to a substantial lack of a theoretical framework to address modeling and characterization of the many possible astrocyte functions. This book that we propose aims at filling this gap, providing the first systematic computational approach to the complex, wide subject of neuron-glia interactions. The organization of the book is unique insofar as it considers a selection of "hot topics" in glia research that ideally brings together both the novelty of the recent experimental findings in the field and the modelling challenge that they bear. A chapter written by experimentalists, possibly in collaboration with theoreticians, will introduce each topic. The aim of this chapter, that we foresee less technical in its style than in conventional reviews, will be to provide a review as clear as possible, of what is "established" and what remains speculative (i.e. the open questions). Each topic will then be presented in its possible different aspects, by 2-3 chapters by theoreticians. These chapters will be edited in order to provide a "priming" reference for modeling neuron-glia interactions, suitable both for the graduate student and the professional researcher. |
| Physical Description: |
1 online resource. |
| Bibliography: |
Includes bibliographical references. |
| ISBN: |
9783030008178 3030008177 9783030008161 3030008169 |
| ISSN: |
2197-1919. |